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谁有反意疑问句讲解高中学生对翻译疑问句究竟该掌握多少？

2007-12-04 13:59:36刘***
高 中学生对翻译疑问句究竟该掌握多少？谁有反意疑问句讲解高中学生对翻译疑问句究竟该掌握多少？： [语法综合讲解与练习]反意疑问句精讲 1）当陈述部分是there be 句型时，反意疑问部分的主语?

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  •    [语法综合讲解与练习]反意疑问句精讲 1）当陈述部分是there be 句型时，反意疑问部分的主语用there。例如： There aren't a lot of flowers in the garden in winter, are there?2）当陈述部分是I'm。
      。。结构时，反意疑问部分一般用aren't I。例如：I am a student, aren't I?3）当陈述部分是一个有that引导的宾语从句的复合结构时，反意疑问部分一般根据主句的主语和谓语动词而定，例如： You told me (that)I had passed the exam, didn't you? 但是，当陈述部分的主句是I think, I suppose, I believe等结构时，反意疑问部分则往往由that从句中的主语和谓语动词决定，并且要注意否定的转移。
      例如： I believe (that)it is going to rain, isn't it? 4）当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时，反意疑问部分要根据have的意义及形式而定。a。 当have表示“所有”含义时，反意部分可以用have形式，也可以用do形式。
      例如： He has a book in his hand, hasn't he? He has a book in his hand, doesn't he? b。当陈述部分的动词是have的否定形式时，反意疑问部分是用have形式还是用do形式，取决于陈述部分的动词形式。
      例如： You haven't a car, have you? You don't have any money with you, do you? c。当have不表示“所有”含义而表示其他含义时，反意疑问句则必须用do的形式。例如： We had a good time in the vacation, didn't we? He has his breakfast at seven everyday, doesn't he? You have to get up early tomorrow, don't you? 5）当陈述部分带有never, nothing, nowhere, seldom, hardly, rarely, few, little 等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。
      例如： You can hardly believe what he said, can you?There is little ink in the bottle, is there?Few people know this place, do they?当陈述部分的谓语动词是带有un-，in-，dis-等否定前缀的动词，则仍然把陈述部分看作肯定句，那么反意疑问部分用否定形式。
      例如： He is impolite to the teacher, isn't he? He distrusted anybody around him, didn't he?6）当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，反意疑问部分在英式英语中用ought to 形式，在美式英语中用should形式。
      例如：You ought to see the new picture, shouldn't you?Teachers ought to be honored, oughtn't they?7）当陈述部分带有情态动词used to时，反意疑问部分可以用used to形式，也可以用did形式。
      例如：She used to live abroad, usedn't she?There used to be a newsstand in the corner of the street, didn't there?8）当陈述部分带有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分需视must的含义而定。
      a。当must表示“命令或强制”时，反意疑问部分用mustn't。例如： You must do it by yourself, mustn't you?b。当must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句用needn't，例如： You must see him tonight, needn't you?c。
      当must表示“一定”或“想必”等推测意义时，反意疑问部分不用mustn't，而根据must后的动词形式而定。例如：He must be crazy to do so, isn't he?She must have been there for a long time, hasn't she?They must have stayed at home last might, didn't they?9）当陈述部分带有need时，反意疑问部分需视need的含义而定。
      如果need用作情态动词，则反意疑问部分用need形式；如果need用作实义动词，表示“需要”，则反意疑问部分用do形式。例如： You needn't go there, need you? She needs to go there, doesn't she? Plants need sun to grow, don't they? 10）当陈述部分带有I'd better或I'd rather时，反意疑问部分用hadn't或wouldn't。
      例如：You'd better finish the task before tomorrow, hadn't you? He'd rather stay with us, wouldn't he?11）当陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问部分一般用will you，won't you, would you。
      例如： Don't be too late, will you? Close the door, won't you? Come here, will you? Open your books, would you? 当陈述部分是以Let's开头的祈使句时，反意疑问部分用shall we；若是以Let us 开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分则用will you。
      例如： Let's have a party tonight, shall we? Let us have a look at you pictures, will you? 注意，如果祈使句是否定形式，那么反意疑问句只能用will you。
      例如： Don't forget to bring your notebooks here tomorrow, will you 。
    2007-12-04 14:04:17
  •   一、什么是反意疑问句 英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 二、反意疑问句用法说明 ◇注意： 反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问” 简略问句如果是否定式，not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写 简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词 当说话者的目的不在疑问，而是为了加强语气时，用降调 当说话者的目的在疑问，则用升调 陈述部分含“too。
      。。to”时，是否定句 1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I。 I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? （我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？） 2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
       I wish to have a word with you, may I? （我希望可以和你说话，可以吗？） 3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
       The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? 4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
       He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 5) 陈述部分有have to +v。 (had to + v。)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
       We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 7) 陈述部分有had better + v。
       疑问句部分用hadn't you? You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 8) 陈述部分有would rather +v。，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v。
       疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。 You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 He must be a doctor, isn't he? You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
       What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? 12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
       Everything is ready, isn't it? 14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句 a。 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。 Mr。 Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he? b。
       带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he? c。
       上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。 I don't think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, can't she? 15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
       Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
       We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。 She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
       Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ? 注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）? 18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
       There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there? 19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
       It is impossible, isn't it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。 He must be there now, isn't he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 21)当主句是由so引起的一个句子，而且译为“这么说来”时，疑问部分的谓语形式（肯定或否定）应与主句保持一致。
       So you have seen the film, have you? So he has not been to Beijing ,hasn't he? 『补：Let's和Let us的区别』 ◇1。Let's是Let us的缩写。
      包括说话人和听话人双方在内，含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's。如： ---Shall we go by train？ ---Yes，let's。 ◇2。当请求对方允许自己（第一人称复数）做某事时，要用Let us，这里的 us 不包括听话对方在内，不能缩写为Let's。
       如两个同学对老师说： Please let us remove the bookshelf for you。 让我俩给你移动一下书架。 ◇3。两者在构成附加疑问句时，方法不同。如： Let's go to see the film,shall we ? 咱们去看电影，好吗？ Let us go to see the film,will you? 让我们去看电影，好吗？ 快速记忆表 陈述部分的谓语　　　　　 疑问部分　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 I　　　　　　　　　 aren't I　　　　　　　　 　　　 Wish　　　　　　　　　may +主语　　　　 　　　　　 no,nothing,nobody,never,　　 few, seldom, hardly,　　　　 肯定含义 rarely, little等否定 含义的词　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 ought to（肯定的）　　　 shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语 　 have to+v。
      (had to+v。)　　don't +主语(didn't +主语) 　 used to　　　　　　　 didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语 　 had better + v。　　　　　hadn't you　　　　　　　　　 would rather + v。
      　　　　wouldn't +主语　　　　　　　 you'd like to + v。
      　　　 wouldn't +主语　　　　　　　 must　　　　　　　　　　 根据实际情况而定　　　　　　 感叹句中　　　　　　　　 be +主语　　　　　　　　　　 Neither…nor, either…or 连接的根　　 据其实际逻辑意义而定 并列主语　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 指示代词或不定代词 everything,that,　　　　　　主语用it nothing,this　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 并列复合句　　　　　　　谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 　 定语从句,宾语从句的 主从复合句　　　　　　　根据主句的谓语而定　　　　 　 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引导　 与宾语从句相对应的从句　 　　 everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one　　复数they, 单数he　　　　 　 情态动词dare或need　　　 need (dare ) +主语 dare, need 为实义动词　　　　 do +主语　　　　　　 　 省去主语的祈使句　　　　 will you？ Let's 开头的祈使句　　　 Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句　　　Will you?　　　　　　　　 　 there be　　　相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）　　 否定前缀不能视为否定词　　　 仍用否定形式　　　　　　 must表"推测"　　　根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句 。
    2007-12-04 14:00:38
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